Water Level Controller

Water Level Controller

This article explains you how to detect and control the water level in an overhead tank or any other container. This water level controller system monitors the water level of the tank and automatically switches ON the motor when ever tank is empty. The motor is switched OFF when the overhead tank or container is FULL. Here the water level of the tank is indicated on LCD (Liquid crystal Display). Using this system, we can avoid the overflow of the water. We have already seen How water level indicator circuit works using AVR Microcontroller in the earlier post. But, here we are designing the circuit which is used to detect and control the water level automatically in overhead tank using 8051 microcontroller.

In this system water sensing can be done by using a set of 4 wires which are placed at different levels in tank. DC supply probe is placed at the base of the tank.

Water Level Controller using 8051 Circuit Principle:

This system mainly works on a principle that “water conducts electricity”. The four wires which are dipped into the tank will indicate the different water levels. Based on the outputs of these wires, microcontroller displays water level on LCD as well as controls the motor.

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Rain Alarm Project The main purpose in designing this Rain Alarm project is to provide proper irrigation system in the field of agriculture. It is mainly used to reduce human intervention.  Rain Alarm comprises of soil moisture sensor, a transistor driver and a fan motor indicating a pump. When soil moisture condition is fully wet, sensor changes the output logic to de-energized driver to make pump motor OFF. When soil moisture condition is dry sensor changes the output logic to  turn the pump motor ON. Kit Contents: Sensor, Solderless Multipurpose breadboard, Set of Components, Accessories, Connector, Motor, Wire. With this solderless breadboard approach none of the component is soldered, hence all the components can be used again and again to try such multiple circuits. Working: Water is a conductor of electricity. When water is in contact with the probe then there is a flow of current toward the base of  NPN transistor (BC548), which conducts. With the conduction of NPN transistor, electron reaches to Q2, which is a PNP transistor . PNP transistor (BC558) also conducts and current flows through the speaker. In a speaker there is inductive coil which causes motion in one direction and after that produces induce current, which is in opposite direction to the flow of current this induced current in the form of pulse, flows through a capacitor, resistance and makes 1st transistor BC548 off for an inter-well and after-that it relaxes to previous state. This process repeats again and again till probe is in contact with water and an oscillation is created in the circuit. Speaker diaphragm vibrates and gives a tone.

Block Diagram

Remote monitoring of patient body temperature over internet

The main aim of the Remote Monitoring of Patient Body Temperature is to acquire real-time body temperature of a person remotely over internet falling under the category of Internet of Things-IOT. For this real-time scenario we take one digital temperature sensor, interfaced to a micro-controller of 8051 series to send live data to a remote location anywhere in the world over internet.

The data is directly sent through a Wi-Fi module interfaced to the micro-controller under TCP IP protocol to a dedicated IP on the cloud via networked wireless modem environment.

Itdisplays the data in real time chart form such as line type, bar type, pie  type etc. in any internet connected PC / Laptop either for viewing by self or by public.. The real time data is also seen at the sending end upon a LCD display interfaced to the microcontroller.

 The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller , 3.3 volt for the Wi-Fi unit and other components. 

Block Diagram:

Remote Monitoring of Transformer:

The main aim of the Remote Monitoring of transformer is to acquire real-time data of distribution transformers remotely over internet falling under the category of Internet of Things-IOT. As we know, in our power system the transformer and generator are our expensive and important equipment’s.  If anyone from both is damage or trip due to any reason such as temperature, current or voltage then the whole supply would be switched offed. Then the time and money both would be waste, so the real-time monitoring of transformer and generator is mandatory for supplying the smooth supply to the consumer. Different companies and peoples are working for the real-time monitoring and protection of these expensive equipment’s but their system cost and size is so much high anywhere in the world.

Here we have designed a system that is called the remote monitoring of transformer /generator health over internet with the help of pic micro-controller 18F 452, temperature sensor, current sensor, voltage sensor, Wi-Fi module and analogue to digital converter. By using this system, the user or supply company can easily check the instant status of their transformer or generator at their homes through the internet WI-FI service. Pic micro-controller is used in this embedded system project project. you may also like to check pic micro-controller tutorials for beginners and experts.

 The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805. It is required for the operation of the micro-controller , 3.3 volt for the Wi-Fi unit and other components. 

IOT based Home Automation Over the cloud

Short Description :-

Abstract:

The main purpose of this IOT Based Home automation project is to control any load through the Internet network over cloud. It works  remotely on the basic principle of the Internet of things (IOT). For this real-time scenario we use webpage with user configurab

le front end to control and monitor the load. The data sent from from a password protected webpage returns commands through allotted IP fed to it. A Wi-Fi Module is configured with any nearby wireless modem to access internet.  The  received internet commands are fed to the Wi-Fi module. The program within the Wi-Fi Module execute the received commands based on which the load  gets activated through TRIAC and Opto-coupler interfaced to Wi-Fi Module. The status of the load also will be displayed on the web page.

Here in this project program in written within the Wi-Fi module, No extra microcontroller has been used to drive the load.

The power supply consists of 5V SMPS board and 3.

3V voltage regulator for a Wi-Fi module. 5V SMPS board will give 5V DC out from 230V AC, this we fed to 3.3V voltage regulator which supply power to Wi-Fi module and remaining circuit.

Block Diagram:

Internet Of Things (IOT)

5. IOT Electronic Door Opener:

Opening and closing the door have become boring, so this “IOT Electronic Door Opener” makes the task easy for the door opener. This system is very helpful in malls, hotels, railway stations, Bus Stands, Big houses, and many other security offices. This Electronic Door Opener is used for automation and security purposes. This project tries to fulfill the same using IOT technology over the electronic door lock making.

This automation and security simultaneously achieved through web connectivity through which a user can open and close the door. IOT based Electronic Door Opener is controlled by microcontroller. This project runs on the internet using wifi module.

Working of IOT Electronic Door Opener:

On the website, once the authorized person logs in he gets a direct access of the door to open or close it. When a command from the web interface received to open the door, it instructs the relevant drivers to start the motor of the door in a particular direction till the door fully opens and then stop. Likewise, when a command from the web interface received to close the door, controller instructs the relevant drivers to rotate in counter direction till the door fully closes. In this way the automation and security is achieved using this project.

To open the door automatically without any net connectivity, we can use Automatic Door Opener system. This system uses different sensors like Infrared, pressure, ultrasonic, laser etc. This project helps in monitoring the door by detecting the presence of a human. By using infrared sensor, we can detect human presence because all humans emit infrared radiations .

This change in infrared pattern is converted to a voltage. The voltage from the Data Out of the PIR Sensor can be given to a micro-controller for further processing like controlling a motor etc.

Internet Of Things (IOT)

4. IOT Garbage Monitoring System:

This IOT Garbage Monitoring System is used to keep the cities clean. Now a day, it is very difficult to go to every garbage bin and check the level of the bin. Especially in India, there are lots of dirty places just because they don’t take care of these garbage bins. People find it difficult to check the level of every garbage bin. To solve this problem, we have created this “IOT Garbage Monitoring System” to check the level of the bins. This is run by a web page through internet connectivity. This system monitors the garbage bins and informs about the level of garbage collected in the garbage bin via a web page.

 

IOT Garbage Monitoring System Working:

This Garbage Monitoring system works like this; the system uses ultrasonic sensors placed over the bins to detect the garbage level and compare it with the garbage bins depth. The system makes use of AVR family microcontroller, LCD Screen, Wifi modem for sending data and a buzzer. The LCD screen is used to display the status of the level of garbage collected in the bins and web page is built to show the status to the user monitoring it. The webpage gives a graphical view of the garbage bins and highlights the garbage collected in color in order to show the level of garbage collected. The LCD screen shows the status of the garbage level.

The system puts on the buzzer when the level of garbage collected crosses the set limit. Thus, this system helps to keep the city clean by informing about the garbage levels of the bins by providing graphical image of the bins via IOT Gecko web development platform.

Internet Of Things(IOT)

3. IOT Based Wheelchair Fall Detection

This IOT based wheelchair fall detection is created for old age people. It is necessary to take care of old age people because they can’t move due to the weakness and joints paint. It is important to know if an old age person has fallen from wheelchair so that we can help them on time. Also we need to check the people on wheelchair for fall detection. For this purpose we have a smart fall detection system. The system uses accelerometer sensor to detect person movements. When the person makes some movements we automatically get to know his movements. We can detect the movements of a person by mounting accelerometer sensor on person’s hand or wheelchair. The sensor is connected to a microcontroller in order to constantly transmit the acceleration data.

IOT Based Wheelchair Fall Detection Working:

The system keeps monitoring for fall detection and abrupt movement changes in person. A sudden abrupt change with jerk in the system is treated as a fall. Now in case the person did not fall and alarm was false, the system allows to snooze the alert if person presses snooze button in 5 seconds. If person does not press the snooze, system detects person has fallen and automatically triggers alert through wifi connection to alert the loved ones of the person about the situation instantly.

Hardware Specifications

    Accelerometer Sensor: This accelerometer sensor is used to detect the person whether he/she has fallen down or going to falling down. We need to mount this sensor on the wheelchair or person’s hand
    Atmega 328 Microcontroller: This microcontroller is used to transmit the acceleration data.
    Wifi Modem: This system is run with the help of internet connectivity through wifi modem
    LCD Display: Through LCD Display we can see wheelchair person.

 

Software Specifications

    Arduino Compiler
    MC Programming Language:

Internet Of Things (IOT)

2. IOT Patient Health Monitoring System

This IOT Patient Health Monitoring System is created to take care of your loved ones at your home. Now a days, it becomes a difficult task in the modern day life to monitor our beloved ones. We always need to keep track of the health status of the patient at home. Especially, old age patients should be monitored frequently. Their loved ones should get the information about their health status from time to time while they are at work. So we have created this system to make this difficult task easy.

Working of IOT Patient Health Monitoring System :

IOT patient monitoring has 3 sensors. First one is a temperature sensor, second is Heartbeat sensor and the third one is humidity sensor. This project is very useful since the doctor can monitor patient’s health parameters just by visiting website. Nowadays, many software developers are developing these IOT apps. So now the doctors or family members can monitor or track the patient’s health through these applications.

This system puts forward health tracking system that uses sensors to track patient’s health. It uses internet to inform about the patient’s health status. This system uses temperature as well as heartbeat sensing to keep track of patient health. These sensors are connected to a microcontroller to track the status of the health of a patient. It uses LCD Display and wifi connection to transmit alerts. If system detects any crusty changes in patient heartbeat or body temperature, the system automatically alerts the user about the patients status over this system.

Hardware Specifications

    Heartbeat Sensor
    Temperature Sensor
    Atmega 328 Microcontroller
    Wifi Modem
    LCD Display
    LED’s
    Transformer
    Resistors
    Capacitors
    Diodes

Software Specifications

    Arduino Compiler
    MC Programming Language: C
    IOTGecko

Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet Of Things:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

The main objective of the project is to develop an IOT (internet of things) based energy meter reading displayed for units consumed and cost thereupon over the internet in chart and gauge format.

For this innovative work we had taken a digital energy meter whose blinking LED signal is interfaced to a micro-controller of 8051 family through a LDR. The blinking LED flashes 3200 times for 1 unit. The LDR sensor gives an interrupt each time the meter LED flashes to the programmed micro controller, the micro-controller takes this reading and displays it on an LCD duly interfaced to the micro-controller. The reading of the energy meter is also sent to a GSM modem being fed from the micro-controller via level shifter IC and RS232 link. The sim used in the modem being internet enabled transmits the data directly to a dedicated web page for display anywhere in the world in multi level graphical format.

List of IOT Projects:

IOT Home Automation

IOT Patient Health MonitoringProject

IOT Based Wheelchair Fall Detection

IOT Garbage Monitoring System

IOT Electronic Door Opener

  1. IOT Home Automation:

  
    This IOT Home Automation project is useful in controlling the home appliances. Home automation is the process of controlling home appliances automatically using various control system techniques. It controls electrical and electronic appliances in the home such as fan, lights, outdoor lights, fire alarm, kitchen timer, etc.

    IOT Home Automation Project with different techniques:

    There are various techniques to control home appliances such as IOT based home appliances over the cloud, home automation under WiFi through android apps from any smartphone, Arduino based home automation, home automation by android application based remote control, home automation using digital control, RF based home automation system and touch screen based home automation. IOT or internet of things is an upcoming technology that allows us to control hardware devices through the internet. Here we propose to use IOT home automation project in order to control home appliances, thus automating modern homes through the internet.

    Working of this project:

    This system uses three loads to demonstrate as house lighting and a fan. Our user friendly interface allows a user to easily control these home appliances through the internet. For this system we use an AVR family microcontroller. This microcontroller is interfaced with a wifi modem to get user commands over the internet. Also we have an LCD display to display system status. Relays are used to switch loads. The entire system is powered by a 12 V transformer. After receiving user commands over the internet, microcontroller processes these instructions to operate these loads accordingly and display the system status on an LCD display.
    Required Components & Materials

    The essential components and materials for home automation are Wi-Fi module, Opto-coupler, TRIAC, resistors, capacitors, diode, regulator, loads (home appliances). There are various eCommerce websites that are providing facility to purchase all the required components online.